HUMAN RIGHTS CHILDREN AND WOMEN PROTECTION IN THE VERSES OF AL-AHKAM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24014/jush.v27i1.6329Keywords:
Human rights, protection, children, women, ayat al-ahkamAbstract
This article intends to explain the position of human rights in relation to the protection of children and women in the Qur’ān. Based on the fact that the rights to children and women are exploited across history, the author intend to examine normative legal values extracted from the Holy Qur’ān as a way of life in order to encourage each individual to respect their rights. This research was conducted with a study of documentation as the technical analysis of data collection and analyzed by semi-thematic of ayat al-Ahkam. From a number of verses traced it can be concluded that human rights are a concern for their substance to provide more comprehensive protection to children and women. The protection of children includes: protection of survival, getting adequate nutrition from birth to the appropriate time limit, getting fulfillment of the needs and rights of development of reason through education. Meanwhile protection for women in the form of; protection through marriage and stipulation of ‘iddah when a husband’s divorce and death occur, the right to hear complaints and difficulties is experienced and get equal rights in various joints of life as servants of GodReferences
al-Amili, Muhammad ibn Jarir ibn Yazid ibn
Katsir ibn Ghalib. Jami al-bayan ‘an
Ta’wil Ayil Qur’ān. Beirut: Dar Hijrin,
al-Balkhi, Abu al-Hasan Muqatil bin Sulayman
bin Basyir al-Azdari. Tafsir Muqatil Ibnu
Sulayman. Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Turath,
H.
al-Baydhawi, Abu Sa’id ‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar.
Anwar al-Tanzil wa Asrar al-Ta’wil.
Mesir: al-Bahiyyah al-Misriyyah, 1925.
Fadlurrahman, Lalu. “Kinerja Implementasi
Kebijakan Penanganan Perempuan
Korban Kekerasan”. Jurnal Kebijakan &
Administrasi Publik 18, no. 2 (2014): 161.
al-Hanafi, Abu al-Laits Nasr bin Muhammad bin
Ibrahim al-Samarqandy al-Faqih. Bahr
al-‘Ulum. Jilid III. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, t.t.
Ibn ‘Asyur, Muhammad al-Tahir. Tafsir al-
Tahrir wa al-Tanwir. Tunis: al-Dar al-
Tunisiyyah li al-Nasyr, 1984.
Ibn Manzur. Lisan al-‘Arab. Kairo: Dar al-
Hadits, 2003.
al-Ilbiri, Abu ‘Abd Allah Muhamad ibn ‘Abd
Allah ibn ‘Isa ibn Muhammad al-Mari.
Tafsir al-‘Aziz. Kairo: al-Faruq al-Hadithah, 2002.
Indar. ‘Iddah dalam Keadilan Gender.” Jurnal Studi Gender & Anak Yinyang 5, no. 1 (2010): 127.
Indriati, Noer, Suyadi, Khrisnhoe Kartika, Sanyoto, dan Wismaningsih. “Perlindungan dan Pemenuhan Hak Anak: Studi Tentang Orangtua Sebagai Buruh Migran di Kabupaten Banyumas”. Mimbar Hukum 29, no. 3 (2017): 475.
Jamal al-Din, Abu al-Farj ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn ‘Ali ibn Muhammad al-Jawzi. Zad al-Masir fi ‘Ilm al-Tafsir. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Arabi, 1422.
al-Jassas, Ahmad bin ‘Ali Abu Bakr al-Razi al-Hanafi. Ahkam al- Qur’ān. Jilid III. Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Turath al-‘Arabi, 1405H.
Kurniawan, Teguh. “Peran Parlemen dalam Perlindungan Anak”. Aspirasi 6, no. 1 (2015): 37.
Laksana, I Ketut Sasmita Adi. “Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Korban Kekerasan Seksual Terhadap Anak dan Perempuan”. Kertha Wicaksana 4, no. (2017).
Majma’ al-Buhuts al-Islamiyyah bi al-Azhar. Tafsir al-Wasith li al- Qur’ān al-Karim. Kairo: al-Hay’ah al-‘Ammah li al-Syu’un al-Amiriyyah, 1993.
Mansuri, Muhammad ‘Ali Shalih. al-Huquq al-Siyasah li al-Mar’at fi al-Syari’ah al-Islamiyyah wa al-Qanun al-Dawli. Beirut: al-Intisyar al-‘Arabi, 2011.
al-Maududi, Abu A’la. Human Rights in Islam. London: Islamic Foundation, 1980.
al-Maydani, ‘Abd al-Rahman Hasan. al-Wasathiyyah fi al-Islam. Beirut: Mu’assasah al-Rayyan, 1416.
al-Mundziri, ‘Abd al-‘Adhim ibn ‘Abd al-Qawi. Mukhtasar Sunan Abi Dawud. Riyadh: Maktabat al-Ma’arif, 2010.
Munir, Lily Zakiyah. “Islam and Human Rights.” Makalah tidak diterbitkan.
al-Nasafi, Abu Barakat ‘Abdullah bin Ahmad. al-Tafsir. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Lubnani, t.th.
al-Nasiri, Muhammad al-Makki. al-Tafsir fi Ahadits al-Tafsir. Beirut: Dar al-Gharb al-Islami, 1985.
Nuswantari. “Implementasi Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Perempuan Korban Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga di Kota Madiun”. Citizenship Jurnal Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan 5, no. 2 (2017): 97.
Purwanti, Ani dan Marzel Oina. “Strategi Penyelesaian Tindak Kekerasan Seksual Terhadap Perempuan dan Anak Melalui RUU Kekerasan Seksual”. Masalah-masalah Hukum 47, no. 2 (2018): 138.
al-Qurthubi, Muhammad bin Abi Bakr bin Farh al-Ansari al-Khazarji Syams al-Din. al-Jami li Ahkam al-Qur’ān. Juz VI. Kairo: Dar al-Kutub al-Misriyyah, 1964.
al-Qusyairi, ‘Abd al-Karim ibn Hawazin ibn ‘Abd al-Malik. Lata’if al-Isyarat. Mesir: al-Hay’ah al-Misriyyah al-‘Ammah li al-Kitab, t.t.
Rafikah dan Rahmawati. “Peranan Pusat Pelayanan Terpadu Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Anak (P2TP2A) dalam Menghapuskan Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT) di Kota Bukittinggi”. Islam Realitas 1, no.2: 173.
Rahmawati, Ranny, Sukidin, Pudjo Suharso. “Pemberdayaan Perempuan Korban Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT) oleh Dinas Pemberdayaan Perempuan, Perlindungan Anak Dan Keluarga Berencana (DP3AKB) Kabupaten
Jember”. Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi 12,
no. 2 (2018): 162.
Rihardi, Satrio Ageng. “Perlindungan Hukum
Terhadap Hak-hak Anak Perempuan
Sebagai Korban Eksploitasi Seksual”.
tidak dipublikasi, 61.
al-Sa’di, Abd al-Rahman bin Nasir. Taysir
al-Karim al-Rahman fi Tafsir Kalam
al-Mannan. Riyadh: al-Muassasah al-
Sa’diyyah, t.t.
al-Sabuni, Muhamad ‘Ali. Safwat al-Tafasir. Jilid
II. Kairo: Dar al-Sabuni, 1997.
Satriawan, Alfiana, Hafizha Fasya, Ayu Friska
Amelia, Andi Ahmad Yani. “Analisis
Kebijakan Perlindungan Kekerasan
terhadap Anak di Kota Makassar”. Jurnal
Analisis dan Kebijakan Publik 3, no. 1
(2017): 37.
Sudrajat, Tedy. “Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap
Hak Anak Sebagai Hak Asasi Manusia
dalam Perspektif Sistem Hukum Keluarga
di Indonesia”. Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
, no. 54 (2011): 111.
al-Sufi, Abu al-‘Abbas Ahmad bin Muhammad
bin Mahdi bin ‘Ujaybah al-Hasani al-
Anjazi al-Fasi. al-Bahr al-Majid. Beirut:
Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 2002.
al-Syafi’i. Tafsir al-Imam al-Syafi’i. Saudi
Arabia: Dar al-Tadmiriyyah.
al-Tamimi, Abu Muhammad ‘Abd al-Rahman
ibn Idirs ibn al-Munzir. Tafsir al-Qur’ān
al-‘Azim li Ibn Abi Hatim. Saudi Arabia:
Maktabah Nazzar Mustafa al-Baz, 1419 H.
al-Thabrasi, Al-Fadhl bin al-Hasan. Majma’ al-
Bayan fi Tafsir al-Qur’ān. Beirut: Dar
al-Fikr, 1957.
Umriana, Anila, Moh. Fauzi dan Hasyim Hasanah.
“Penguatan Hak Asasi Perempuan dan
Kesetaraan Gender Melalui Dialog
Warga”. Sawwa 12, no. 1 (2016): 42.
Utami, Penny Naluria. “Pencegahan Kekerasan
Terhadap Anak dalam Perspektif Hak Atas
Rasa Aman di Nusa Tenggara Barat”.
Jurnal HAM 9, no. 1 (2018): 1.
al-Wahidi, Abu al-Hasan ‘Ali ibn Ahmad ibn
Muhammad ibn ‘Ali. al-Wajiz fi Tafsir al-
Kitab al-‘Aziz. Damaskus: Dar al-Qalam,
H
-------. Tafsir al-Basith. Saudi Arabia: ‘Imadah
al-Bahts al-‘Ilmi, 1430 H.
-------. al-Wasith fi Tafsir al-Qur’an al-Majid.
Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1994.
Zamzami, Yahya bin Muhammad Hasan. Huquq
al-Insan: Mafhumuh wa Tathbiqatuh fi al-
Qur’an. Mekkah: Jami’ah Um al-Qura’,
H.
al-Zuhayli, Wahbah ibn Mustafa. al-Tafsir
al-Munir fi al-‘Aqidah wa al-Syari ‘ah
wa al-Manhaj. Damaskus: Dar al-Fikr
al-Mua’sir, 1418.